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Test for unit 11. 1. Maintenance of _____ housing is also an important consideration in maintaining good animal health. 2. Good sanitation ____ important to good health
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Test for unit 11
1. Maintenance of _____ housing is also an important consideration in maintaining good animal health
a) wise
b) improper
c) proper
d) intense
2. Good sanitation ____ important to good health
a) are
b) is
c) am
d) has
3. A ______ is an instrument used to give injections of medicine or to draw body fluids from animals.
a) solution
b) suspended
c) silage
d) syringe
4. This ____ the new owner time to observe the animals closely for health problems.
a) gives
b) give
c) gave
d) given
5. A _______ is a species of animal in or on which diseases or parasites can live.
a) wild animal
b) host animal
c) contended animal
d) beef cattle
6. ______ are areas in which large numbers of animals are grown for food.
a) cereal grains
b) feedlots
c) silage
d) green roughages
7. It ___ difficult to treat unhealthy animals when they are living with large groups of animals.
a) were
b) are
c) am
d) is
8. Animals with contagious diseases that can be spread by contact should never be _____ to come into contact with healthy animals.
a) allowed
b) allowing
c) allow
d) allows
9. Maintaining a healthy environment for animals is a ___ factor in a complete animal-health program.
a) fence
b) castle
c) key
d) wall
10. The rotation of pastures is a consideration in maintaining a _____ environment for animals and in preventing health problems
a) unhealthy
b) bad
c) healthy
d) harmful
11. The liberal ___ of disinfectants in dealing with animals is also important.
a) will using
b) used
c) using
d) use
12. ______ piles often harbor diseases and parasites.
a) feces
+b) manure
c) pest
d) chase
13. Cages and pens ____ continually with animal waste products may also lower the quality of the air that animals breathe.
a) soil
b) soiled
c) soiling
d) soils
14. Extremely dry and dusty conditions are also to be ___ when possible.
a) avoid
b) avoided
c) avoiding
d) will avoiding
15. Bites from these animals _____ also cause infection and other health problems.
a) unable
b) can not
c) may
d) impossible
16. Such animals may be harboring disease or parasites that __ not readily. apparent.
a) are
b) is
c) am
d) -
17. This gives the new owner time to ___ the animals closely for health problems.
a) observe
b) observation
c) observance
d) observer
18. Many ____ of animals are harbored in the soil and are killed only by not being able to come into contact with host animals for extended periods of time.
a) health
b) diseases
c) wellness
d) cheer
19. Moving animals to different pastures on a regular basis also allows for the breakdown of ____ wastes and for pasture regrowth.
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a) animal
b) food
c) bad
d) toxic
20. Just the presence of pets ____ farm animals may cause them to be nervous and affect how rapidly the grow and produce.
a) under
b) on
c) between
d) around
21. 1) healthy environment 2) key factors 3) cold drafts 4) unhealthy
4d) нездоровый
3c) холодные сквозняки
2b) основные факторы
1a) здоровая окружающая среда
22. Составьте предложение 1.
1a) Good sanitation
2b) is
3c) important
4d) to good health
23. Составьте предложение 2.
1a) A disinfectant
2b) is a material
3c) that kills
4d) disease-causing organisms
24. Housing … be clean and free from cold drafts.
a) should
b) can
c) must
d) ought
25. Feet and … problems can often be traced to poorly maintained feedlots.
a) leg
b) head
c) ligament
d) teeth
26. Many birds … parasites on their bodies and in their droppings.
a) carry
b) carried
c) carries
d) will carry
27. It is wise to keep them isolated from other animals for a period of time, usually a minimum of … days.
a) 30
b) 20
c) 15
d) 10
28. … animals to different pastures on a regular basis also allows for the breakdown of animal wastes and for pasture regrowth.
a) moving
b) moved
c) move
d) moves
29. The rotation of pastures is ….
a) a consideration in maintaining a healthy environment for animals and in preventing health problems
b) also lower the quality of the air that animals breathe.
c) is also important.
d) are also to be avoided when possible.
30. Выбрать правильный специальный вопрос.
a) What does sanitation include?
b) What do sanitation include?
c) What sanitation include?
d) What did sanitation include?
UNIT 12. Animal diseases and parasites
VOCABULARY
contaminated - зараженный
feed - корм
discharge - выделения
rough - грубый
cough - кашель
open wound – открытая рана
contagious – заразный
noncontagious – незаразный
herd – стадо
intermediary host – промежуточный хозяин
rodent - грызун
insect - насекомое
nutrient excesses - избыток питательных веществ
tapered – конический
somewhat – отчасти
fluke [fluː k] – трематода, двуустка
protozoa [prə ʊ tə ˈ zə ʊ ə ] - простейшее, протозоа
1. Find in the text the equivalents for the following words, translate the sentences
with them: заразные заболевания, незаразные заболевания, отдельное стойло, бактерии и вирусы, зараженная вода и корм, ядовитые растения и животные, распространение инфекционных заболеваний.
2. Find the correspondences:
| Disease | заметные симптомы |
| Herd | заболевание |
| infected animals | кровяная моча |
| Insects | зараженные животные |
| poisonous plants | насекомые |
| poor growth | отдельное стойло |
| contaminated feed | ядовитые растения |
| shared housing | стадо |
| bloody feces | плохой рост |
| noticeable symptoms | зараженный корм |
3. Fill in the verb is or are (см. Приложение 12-15):
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1. Part medications... always learnt by heart.
1. Rare animals... protected in many countries.
2. This feed... made by factory.
3. Animals in the reserve... fed two times a day.
4. The same bathrobe medical... worn by all the members of our team.
5. New Russian books... shown in our library
6. Many Russian vets... described in this book.
7. Recipe... always written by doctors.
8. This place... crowded on Sunday.
9. Our village... surrounded with a forest.
4. Open brackets, using verbs in Present Simple Passive (см. Приложение 12-15): 1) Causes of contagious diseases (to cause) mostly by bacteria and viruses. 2) Many diseases of animals (to harbor) in the soil and (to kill) only by not being able to come into contact with host animals for extended periods of time. 3) Noncontagious diseases (to cause) by nutrient deficiencies or nutrient excesses.
***
Diseases The diseases of animals can be divided into two major classes, contagious and non-contagious. Contagious diseases are those that can be passed on to other animals. Noncontagious diseases cannot be spread to other animals.
The handling of these two classes of diseases varies somewhat. It is important that animals suffering from contagious diseases be isolated from other animals in the herd as soon as the disease is identified. Since some contagious diseases of animals can be transmitted to humans, care must be taken when handling animals so infected.
Noncontagious diseases pose no threat to humans or other animals, except to the animals with the disease. Therefore, there is more leeway in dealing with animals suffering with noncontagious diseases. It is still a good idea to isolate these animals from the herd for their own good.
Causes of contagious diseases are caused mostly by bacteria and viruses. They can be spread by direct contact with infected animals, from shared housing, or from contaminated feed or water. In some cases, the spread of infectious diseases takes place through intermediary hosts, such as birds, rodents, or insects.
Noncontagious diseases may be caused by nutrient deficiencies or nutrient excesses. Poisonous plants and animals, injection of foreign material, and open wounds may cause or lead to noncontagious disease.
Symptoms. General symptoms of disease are extremely varied and may include:
1. poor growth and/or reduced production.
2. reduced intake of feed.
3. rough, dry hair coat.
4. discharge from the nose or eyes.
5. coughing or gasping for breath.
6. trembling, shaking, or shivering.
7. unusual discharges such as diarrhea, bloody feces, or urine.
8. open sores or wounds.
9. unusual swelling of the body, including lumps and knots.
10. abortion, or the loss of a fetus before it is born.
11. peculiar gait or walking pattern, or other odd movements.
Some diseases may have little or no external symptoms and may even progress so rapidly that death of the animal occurs before noticeable symptoms occur.
5. Match two parts of the sentences, using the text:
| The diseases of animals can be divided | are those that can be passed on to other animals. |
| Contagious diseases | can be transmitted to humans, care must be taken when handling animals so infected. |
| Noncontagious diseases | may be caused by nutrient deficiencies or nutrient excesses. |
| Noncontagious diseases | cannot be spread to other animals. |
| Since some contagious diseases of animals | are caused mostly by bacteria and viruses. |
| Causes of contagious diseases | pose no threat to humans or other animals, except to the animals with the disease. |
| Noncontagious diseases | into two major classes, contagious and non-contagious. |
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6. Make up word – combinations:
| poor poor | production |
| reduced | growth |
| reduced | or shivering |
| open sores | or gasping for breath |
| rough, dry | intake of feed |
| unusual discharges | including lumps and knots |
| discharge | or the loss of a fetus before it is born |
| coughing | or wounds |
| trembling, shaking, | hair coat |
| unusual swelling of the body, | such as diarrhea, bloody feces, or urine |
| abortion, | from the nose or eyes |
- Find in the text the verbs in Passive
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