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VI. Найдите в тексте “А” и переведите на русский язык глаголы в форме 3 л.ед.ч. в Present Simple.
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VII. Заполните пропуски, используя глаголы, данные в скобках:
1. A thief … (to steal) money, property, information etc.
2. A burglar … (to break) into houses.
3. A mugger … (to snatch) handbags.
4. A shop-lifter (to steal) from supermarkets.
5. A hooligan … (to damage) things in the street.
6. Gangsters … (to commit) crimes together.
VIII. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Does a thief steal money?
2. Does a burglar break into houses?
3. What does a mugger do?
4. What does a robber do?
5. Do robbers have guns?
6. Where does a pickpocket steal things from?
7. What does a shoplifter do?
8. Does a hooligan damage things in the street?
9. What is a criminal group?
IX. Подготовьте пересказ текста “А” на английском языке.
X. Прочтите и переведите текст “В”.
Text B
MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES
Different types of crimes have special names. If somebody wants and plans to kill somebody, it is a murder. But if somebody kills somebody by accident - it is a manslaughter.
Sometimes there are mitigating circumstances. A person acts in anger, but immediately calls the police himself and confesses. If he works regularly and has no criminal record the judge gives him a mild sentence.
XI. Найдите в тексте “B” эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний:
причинить смерть по неосторожности; непреднамеренное убийство (убийство по неосторожности); смягчающие обстоятельства; вызвать полицию; признаться; криминальное прошлое; мягкий приговор
XII. Найдите в тексте “В” предложения, отвечающие на следующие вопросы:
1. Что такое преднамеренное убийство?
2. Что такое убийство по неосторожности?
3. Что такое смягчающие обстоятельства?
XIII. Прочтите и перескажите своим друзьям английские шутки:
A thief comes to church to get absolution of his sins and mechanically steals the priest’s watch.
“What sins do you have?” the priest asks the thief.
“My last sin is stealing a watch from a nice man. Do you want me to give you this watch?”
“No. You must give it back to the owner.”
“But he does not want it.”
“Then keep it and don’t worry.”
____________
absolution of one’s sins – отпущение грехов
mechanically – по инерции, механически, машинально
an owner – владелец
Then keep it! – (зд.) Тогда оставь их у себя!
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* * *
Believe it or not, but…
… in Sarasota it is illegal to sing in a public place if you are wearing a swimming costume.
… in Indiana it is illegal to swim in ponds, lakes and rivers in winter.
… there is a law in Iowa which says that kisses may last not more than five minutes.
______________
ponds, lakes and rivers – пруды, озера, реки
to last - длиться
* * *
Two people meet in the street late at night.
“Is there a policeman somewhere here?”
“No, there are only two of us. There isn’t anyone else around here.”
“Then take off your coat.”
* * *
“Jane is a nice woman.”
“Does she pick up things fast?”
“Yes, she is a shoplifter.”
______________
to pick up – схватывать на лету (о знаниях), воровать
UNIT 6
PUNISHMENT
Active vocabulary
punishment - наказание
to punish – наказывать
to break the law – нарушить закон
to sentence – приговаривать
a sentence – приговор
to pay a fine – уплатить штраф
to send to prison – отправить в тюрьму
seldom – редко
death penalty –смертная казнь
to make a mistake – совершить ошибку
severe punishment - суровое наказание
to hang a criminal – повесить преступника
to cut off a head – отрубить голову
mild punishment – мягкое наказание
I. Прочтите и переведите текст “А”.
Text A
PUNISHMENT
The state does many things to stop crimes. If a person breaks the law, the state punishes him. A judge can sentence a criminal to pay a fine, or send him to prison for a long time. Judges seldom sentence criminals to death penalty these days.
Punishment can’t be harder than the crime. Judges must think well before they sentence criminals. It is very important not to make a mistake.
If we look at old times we can see very severe punishments. The judges’ sentences to criminals are: to hang them; to cut off heads; to cut the body into four pieces and other severe punishments. Now the judges’ sentences to criminals are milder.
II. Найдите в тексте “А” предложения, отвечающие на следующие вопросы:
1. Старается ли общество всеми путями предотвратить преступление?
2. Что происходит, если человек нарушает закон?
3. Какой приговор может вынести судья преступнику?
4. Часто ли судьи приговаривают преступников к смертной казни?
5. Может ли наказание быть более жестоким, чем преступление?
6. Какие наказания мы можем увидеть в прошлом? Это суровые наказания?
7. Стали ли наказания в наши дни мягче?
III. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова и выражения:
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| to stop; the law; punishes; a fine; prison; seldom; punishment; harder than the crime |
1. The state wants to … the crimes.
2. If a person breaks …, the state … him.
3. A judge can sentence a criminal to pay ….
4. A judge can send a criminal to ….
5. Judges … sentence criminals to death.
6. Punishment can’t be ….
IV. Переведите следующие словосочетания с русского языка на английский:
предотвратить преступления; нарушать закон; наказывать преступника; приговаривать к штрафу; отправить в тюрьму; смертная казнь; не совершить ошибку; суровое наказание; суровый приговор; мягкий приговор.
V. Составьте предложения, соединив левую и правую колонки:
| If a person breaks the law A judge sentences a criminal A judge sends a criminal A judge seldom sentences a criminal Punishment can’t be | to prison harder than the crime to pay a fine the state punishes him to death penalty |
VI. Найдите в тексте “А” и переведите на русский язык глаголы в форме 3 л.ед.ч. в Present Simple.
VII. Заполните пропуски, используя глаголы, данные в скобках:
1. The state … (to do) many things … (to stop) the crimes.
2. If a person … (to steal) something in a shop, he … (to pay) a fine.
3. If a person … (to kill) somebody the judge …(to send) him to prison for a long time.
4. It … (to be) very important not to make a mistake.
5. Now the judges’ sentences … (to be) milder.
VIII. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Does the state do many things to stop the crime?
2. What does the state do if a person breaks the law?
3. What do judges sentence criminals to?
4. For what crimes can a judge sentence a criminal to pay a fine?
5. For what crimes can a judge send a criminal to prison?
6. Do judges often sentence criminals to death penalty?
7. Can punishment be harder than the crime?
8. Is it important not to make a mistake?
IX. Подготовьте пересказ текста “А” на английском языке.
X. Прочтите и переведите текст “В”.
Text B
BEING A JUDGE
It is game. You are a judge. This is a list of crimes:
- a person drives at 150 kilometers an hour;
- a person murders a policeman during a robbery;
- a person smokes marijuana;
- a person steals money from a bank;
- a person shop-lifts;
- a person sells drugs (heroin);
- a person makes false money;
- a person drinks and drives.
Study the crimes and give these people sentences. If you don’t know the law for every crime, give your own idea. You must think well. Don’t make the punishment harder than the crime.
XI. Прочтите и перескажите своим друзьям английские шутки:
One morning the king stoops down over the basin to wash his face. The jester can’t stand the temptation and kicks the king. It is an inexcusable insult. The king gets furious and orders to execute the jester. A few minutes before the execution the king feels sorry for the jester and tells him that he will pardon him if he makes such an excuse that will be more impudent than the insult itself. The jester thinks a little and says, “I’m sorry, Your Majesty! But I thought it was the queen”.
____________
The jester can’t stand the temptation… – (зд.) Шут не может противостоять соблазну…
to kick smb – ударить кого-либо ногой
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an inexcusable insult – непростительное оскорбление
to get furious – прийти в ярость
to execute smb – казнить кого-либо
execution – казнь
to pardon smb – помиловать кого-либо
impudent – наглый, нахальный
Your Majesty! – Ваше Величество! (обращение к королю)
* * *
Believe it or not, but…
… in Oklahoma, USA, the judge may sentence you to prison if you tease a dog.
… in Alaska it is illegal to throw a living deer out of a flying plane.
… in Connecticut it is illegal to cross the street on your hands.
… in Florida there is a law which forbids unmarried women to jump with a parachute on Sundays otherwise the police may arrest them, fine them or the judge may send them to prison.
______________
to tease – дразнить
a living deer – живой олень
to forbid – запрещать
an unmarried woman – незамужняя женщина
otherwise – иначе, в противном случае
* * *
“Why are you in prison?”
“Just imagine! It turns out one day that the state manufactures the same banknotes as I do!”
____________
Just imagine! – Только представьте себе!
It turns out one day… - (зд.) в один прекрасный день выясняется…
UNIT 7
COURTS IN GREAT BRITAIN
Active vocabulary
to have evidence – иметь улики
to charge a suspect – обвинять подозреваемого
court – суд
Magistrates’ Court – магистратский суд
to try – разбирать в судебном порядке
a criminal case – уголовное дело
a civil case – гражданское дело
lay – (зд.) непрофессионал, непрофессиональный
justice of the peace – мировой судья
to work part-time – работать неполный рабочий день
to preside (at, over) – председательствовать, осуществлять руководство
to decide a case – выносить решение по делу
parking violation – нарушение правил парковки
a stipendiary magistrate – магистрат, находящийся на жаловании
to have legal training – иметь юридическое образование
the accused - обвиняемый
to have the right to trial by jury – иметь право на суд присяжных
to hear appeals – рассматривать апелляции
Crown Court – королевский суд / суд Короны
High Court – верховный суд
County Court – суд графства
Court of Appeal – апелляционный суд
bankruptcy – банкротство
European Court of Human Rights – Европейский суд по правам человека
Juvenile Court – суд по делам несовершеннолетних
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