 |
Pre-school age. Exercise. The Exercise paper in the class. Hardening and tempering of children. Principles of hardening. Out, to define the health group of the child:
|
|
|
|
PRE-SCHOOL AGE
Pre-school examination:
This is carried out before the child is due to attend school.
The mother is invited to bring the child to the health centre. A careful medical history is taken from the parents, including full detail of any illness, medical or surgical problems, especially chronic diseases, as infective hepatitis, pylonephritis, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever (in active stage), anaemia, chronic tonsillitis, congenital hard disease, and bronchial asthma, and then medical examination is carried
out, to define the health group of the child:
1 - Healthy child, who ill less than 3 times yearly.
2 - Healthy child, who ill more than 3 times every year.
3 - Child with chronic disease in compensation stage.
4 - Child with chronic disease in subcompensation stage.
5 - Child with chronic disease in dicompensation stage. After that doctor should estimate the growth and development of child, provide medical examination Then the child should pass
special testing, to estimate Ms readiness to the school
Types oftestes: (Kerna-Iraseka method)
1 Ask the child to write
(HE EAT SOUP)
2. Ask the child to draw ten points:
" • *
3. Ask the child to draw a man or women.
After that you have to estimate the results; for every mistake he get one mark. The amount of the marks show the readiness of child to the school.
Exercise
Write your …………. to the school.
The exercise paper in the class.
HARDENING AND TEMPERING OF CHILDREN
Hardening: improvement and promotion of the defense reaction and immunity of the body against the influence of external factors as high and low temperature.
Principles of hardening
1. Systematically - (continuously).
2. Gradually - periodically increasing the power of irritant factor.
3. Individually - the power and the character of the methods depend upon the child.
4. More than one exercise in the same time.
5. There must be positive reaction and emotion of the child.
6. The baby must supervised by the family doctor.
Training: Improvement the capability of the body to do any
exercise as much as possible with little outlay.
The influence of Hardening:
a) local: as Pouring of the water
b) General as streaming of the body with wet towel and swimming.
Types and methods of hardening
1. with water
|
|
| Picture 9. Pouring of the water |
a) Pouring of the water in starting water temperature is 2° lower than the temperature of the body (33-34°) every 2 days you have to reduce The water temperature by 1-2°, the finial temperature of the water is 15-16°.
1) Swimming. You have to start when the temperature of the water is about 22°. Starting time - 5 minutes, finial time 20 minutes.
2. Sunlight. The starting time 5 min. You have to increase the time about 5 min Each day, finial time - 30-45 min. Time of tempen-ing - 10 p. m. or 16 a. m.
|
|
|
3. Air bath. ( exposure of the body), starting temperature of the air in the room should be 18-19°, finial temperature 14-15°, in starting time 2-3 minute and you have to increase the time every day from 1-2 min. Finial time in winter 15 min, in summer 30 minute's
4. Massage and gymnastics. The temperature of the room 18-20°. Doctors must check the health of the baby before hardening.
The result of Hardening:
1. Specific' to improve the defence reaction of the body aga& st external factors
2. Non specific, to improve the immune system of the body against infections
There is no any contraindication against Hardening of children's, except the period of acute illness
Evaluation the results of Hardening,
1 - Evaluation the growth and development of baby
2 - To check blood pressure and pulse occasionally
3 - To check the thermoregulation of the child body.
Exercise
Baby 3 years old needs hardening.
1. Types of hardening with water?
2. Instructions.
A numbers of children's - age about 4-5 years need hardening.
1. Your recommendation
2. Instructions of the methods
CHILD'S HOSPITAL
The area of the hospital should be:
a) Healthy locality and not closed to a factory or an in sani-
b) Protect the child against the negative influence of external factors
c) Prevention of inter hospital infection (cross infection)
d) Safety hospital environment.
The space of the area depend upon the system of planning, the numbers of the beds, and speciality of the hospital.
Table 15. The space of hospital's area.
| No of beds | Space for one bed | (m2) |
| 300-400 | ||
| 500-600 | ||
The particular feature of child hospital:
1. Age differentiation of the department For children's of one year age - 24 beds,
For oldest children - 30 beds
I't
2. Complementary beds for mothers
3. Special classroom for schoolchildren
4. Special playroom for children
|
|
|
