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Process and result of change
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P205
The movement of an object is its spatial change. (2. 9. 1. ) 205
Most likely, this is how they rewrote from Aristotle. " There are six kinds of movement — arising, annihilating, increasing, decreasing, stopping and moving. " (Aristotle. Works. T. 2. M., " Thought", 1978. p. 88)
The physical parameter (quantity) of body movement is speed. An interesting feature of movement is that the body is able to participate in many types of movement at the same time.
P212
Any material object is capable of being simultaneously in a variety of movements. (2. 9. 4. ) 212
The velocities of independent motions of a material point are vector physical quantities, therefore, they are added in a geometric manner.
PROCESS AND RESULT OF CHANGE
The process and the result of changes are completely different things.
P213
Changes of any object should be called only the process of these changes, but not its result. (2. 9. 5. ) 213
For example, in any material object, numerous processes occur simultaneously: its mechanical movement, changes in its temperature, charge, etc.
The result of changes in a material object is only its state. Any existing material object is necessarily real only in its last state, from a number of those that have already occurred.
P214
The result of the continuous process of changes of any material object is necessarily only its last state, from a number of those that have already occurred. (2. 9. 5. ) 214
Despite the transience of any real state of any material object, we are still able to receive the facts of these states.
The generally accepted criterion for the speed of any process of material change is the constant rate of change of the clock. The clock is the standard for the speed of any change. The essence of the clock is precisely that it changes uniformly and cyclically, which means it is predictable. The observer only monitors their readings - the time characteristics of the clock states, which are quite obvious there, since they are displayed on a digital scale as time readings.
Some definite indication of the clock necessarily belongs to some of their definite state. Any of their states is an event.
Eventually. The act of registering simultaneous events of the states of objects, one of which is a clock, in its essence is the determination of the moment in time of the second event.
Clocks are not the only criterion for the rate of change, since there are many processes in nature that have an almost uniform rate. For example, the cyclic movement of cosmic bodies in their orbits.
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But back to the changes.
One side.
P215
Any existing material object is necessarily constantly changing, and it is itself a process of change. (2. 9. 5. ) 215
On the other hand.
P216
Any material object in any of its state is necessarily the end result of all its previous changes. (2. 9. 5. ) 216
Then.
P217
Only the last state of a material object from a series of those that have already occurred is real. It is necessary and is the real material object itself in this state. (2. 9. 5. ) 217
This is the instant reality of a material object.
P218
All changes of any material object only and necessarily occur in its real state. (2. 9. 5. ) 218
After all, what no longer exists or what is not yet, then no longer changes. All changes take place only in each " now", in each extremely brief moment of the body's reality. Hegel said about this: “The dimensions of time - the present, the future and the past - are the formation of appearance as such and the resolution of this formation and the difference of being as passing into nothing and nothing as passing into being. The immediate disappearance of these differences in singularity is the present as " now", which as a singularity excludes, but at the same time completely continuously passes into other moments and is itself only this disappearance of being into nothing and nothing in being.
Note. The ultimate present is the now, fixed as being; it is different from the negative, from the abstract moments of the past and the future, since it is a concrete unity, it is, therefore, an affirmative; but this being itself is only an abstract being that disappears into nothing" (Hegel GVF Works. Vol. 2. M., " Mysl", 1975. р. 56)
You can't say better. Hegel gave far more true materialistic ideas than anyone else.
Any material object is necessarily concrete (discrete and real) only in the form of its own state. There all its characteristics are necessarily discrete. Any changes in a material object necessarily have the form of a sequential and continuous series of its states.
The final state of the object exists only " now".
Scientists of the 15th – 18th centuries considered only the external sides of things to be changeable. A thing was always considered equal to itself in any changes: “The principle of identity in the old metaphysical sense is the basic principle of the old worldview: a = a. Every thing is equal to itself" (F. Engels Dialectics of Nature. M., Politizdat, 1975. p. 184)
In reality, this is not at all the case. For example, some object A, in the extremely short moment of n continuous changes of its own, is in the state Sn. But in view of the fact that its continuous changes never stop, then in the same state, there is an extremely small increment of some arbitrarily taken parameter of this state. And already this increment is already quite enough for the emergence of the next state Sn + 1, which is different from the previous one.
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The main thing is that the increment is extremely small, but it never equals zero. Nevertheless, it is so small that the discreteness of each state is a completely objective thing.
So, the material object A, even in its two neighboring states Sn and Sn + 1, can never be identical to itself:
А Sn, 
А Sn+1.
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