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The subjunctive mood in object clauses

1. In object clauses after verbs expressing order, request, suggestion.

Exercise 1. Explain the use of the verb forms in the following object clauses:

1. Tom insisted that I be also present. 2. I suggest that you have your foot seen to at once. 3. At the office he gave instructions that inquiries should be made about a young person called Timothy. 4. Laura insisted that we should put the party off. 5. I gave orders that he not be allowed on the premises. 6. He ordered that the steamer should be unloaded at once. 7. He had never suggested that I should visit them. 8. They urged that we shouldn’t visit Mr. Morgan. 9. They arranged that Sarah tell her parents that she was engaged to be married. 10. Miss Smith commanded that all the pupils go to the meeting. 11. She doesn’t demand that we be there at 5 sharp. 12. He recommended that everything be in order. 13. The boy begged that we shouldn’t tell his mother about his affairs. 14. Polly proposed that everybody listen to the speaker. 15. I insist that you should not interfere with our project. 16. We have arranged that our department should be informed about all new plans. 17. I demanded that everything be done exactly as we planned. 18. The Director moved that the meeting adjourn. 19. He requested me as a favour that I should report to him any “points of interest” that I might pick up on my visit there. 20. The situation required that he should be cautious. 24. She proposed to my aunt that we should go upstairs and see my room

Exercise 2. Supply the necessary forms for the verbs in brackets in the object clauses:

1. He suggests that I (to try) something of a more serious nature. 2. He only requested that he (to allow) to see the heads of some departments. 3. Doris requires of a man only that he (to be) clever. 4. Brady proposed that they (to walk) down to the sea wall. 5. I’ve made up my mind that Meg (to send) for. 6. They decided that Laura (to have) the nourishing food that had been ordered her. 7. Propriety demanded that I (to represent) at the game in person. 8. She asked that her affair never (to speak) of. 9. Charles insisted that we (to keep) secret even the most remote mention of the idea. 10. It was lunchtime. He knew that they (to be) safely occupied for an hour at least. 11. She suggested that this date (to be) a day of international solidarity. 12. The doctor suggested that she (to have) a long rest in the Crimea. 13. You work much, I suggest that you (to take) a leave. 14. The teacher demands that we (to revise) all the grammar rules before the English exam. 15. The manager insists that they (to sign) the contract. 16. My mother recommends that I (not to sit) up late doing my homework.

Exercise 3. Supply the necessary forms for the verbs in brackets in the object clauses:

1. He suggested that I (to be) ready by eight o’clock. 2. We request that she (to open) the window. 3. They demanded that he (to leave) the room. 4. I will ask that she (to accompany) me. 5. They recommended that he (to fly) to Bermuda. 6. They insisted that she (to come) at once. 7. They asked that we (to remain) standing. 8. You insist that I (to say) something, but will it make things easier for you? 9. He demanded that his honour (to be) satisfied. 10. He was an only child and his parents insisted that he (to escape) abroad. 11. Mrs. Perry looked uncomfortably around the table and suggested they (to pass) to the next item on the agenda. 12. He insisted that I (to call) him and his wife by their first names. 13. “I suggest that everyone (to recall) and (to tell) all the details of the case. It might help us to understand what really happened,” said the inspector. 14. Your father suggested that we (to talk) the matter over. 15. They proposed to him that he (to become) one of their gang. 16. I suggested that we (to go) to canals and (to find out) everything about the yacht. 17. He demands that everything (to be) ready by 5 o’clock. 18. They proposed that the issue (to discuss) in a week.

Exercise 4. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the pattern.

Pattern: I wanted them to talk in undertones. (to suggest) I suggested that they should talk in undertones.

1. He wanted every point of view to be taken into consideration. (to insist) 2. He wanted me to sit down. (to suggest) 3. The doctors wanted him to go to hospital and to be operated on as soon as possible. (to propose) 4. I want you to remain close by, just in case. (to request) 5. We wanted to be invited to the final meetings. (to arrange) 6. I want them to stay away from your family after all they’ve done. I want you to be left alone. (to see to it) 7. I want you to go to a store and pick out some books for me. (to request) 8. I just want them to be given one more chance. (to propose) 9. Celia’s mother wanted her to collect alimony from her ex-husband. (to urge) 10. Charles wanted his boss’s candidacy to be considered, but the others were unpersuaded. (to urge) 11. “I would eat only the fish,” he said. (to suggest) 12. “Let’s go to the beach,” he said. (to propose) 13. “Why not paint the room blue?” said Dad. (to recommend) 14. “Please bring me a cup of tea,” she said. (to request) 15. “You must do your homework,” said Mr. Smith. (to insist) 16. “Let’s go on dancing,” said Bunny. (to suggest) 17. “You must come next Sunday week,” Said Clara. (to insist) 18. “Stop playing, stop playing, Nicky!” cried Florence. (to demand) 19. “Don’t be dramatic, dear Helen,” said Nicky. (to recommend) 20. “Why don’t you go to bed now, Florence?” asked Helen. (to advise) 21. “Will you all lunch with me today?” said Maurice. (to propose)

Exercise 5. Complete the following sentences.

1. The manager recommended... 2. The students demanded... 3. They urged … 4. We have arranged... 5. I will certainly see to it... 6. The judge ruled... 7. The doctors recommended... 8. The police ordered... 9. The shareholders demanded... 10. The employees insisted... 11. She appealed … 12. They gave instructions... 13. Tommy begged … 4. The passenger requested... 15. The Judge requested...

Exercise 6. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Я требую, чтобы мне сообщили все подробности. 2. Он настаивал на том, чтобы ему предоставили все условия для занятий. 3. Кто предложил, чтобы мы приняли участие в конкурсе? 4. Учитель потребовал, чтобы учащиеся, пропускающие занятия, приносили справку от врача. 5. Они были заинтересованы в том, чтобы книгу опубликовали как можно быстрее. 6. Я прослежу за тем, чтобы все правила неукоснительно соблюдались. 7. Маржи распорядилась, чтобы никто не входил в зал во время репетиции. 8. Инспектор потребовал пересмотреть некоторые правила безопасности. 9. Иен потребовал, чтобы ему предоставили возможность ознакомиться со всеми документами, относящимися к делу. 10. Комиссия предложила представить наши требования в письменном виде. 11. Мы заинтересованы в том, чтобы это здание было немедленно отреставрировано. 12. Они настаивали на том, чтобы этот вопрос был обсужден немедленно. 13. Они требовали, чтобы все документы были проверены бухгалтером. 14. Он рекомендовал, чтобы все товары были отправлены самолетом. 15. Товарищ А. предложил, чтобы все студенты участвовали в обсуждении этого вопроса. 16. Мой брат предложил, чтобы мы провели отпуск на Черном море. 17. Покупатели настаивали, чтобы товары были доставлены не позже 15 ноября. 18. Он приказал, чтобы все было готово к 5 часам. 19. Они предложили ему, чтобы он стал членом их банды.

*Exercise 7. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Затем он предложил, чтобы мы прекратили дискуссию и поговорили о чем-нибудь другом. 2. Мою мать звали Лидия, и она всегда настаивала, чтобы мы называли ее этим именем. 3. После ужина он предложил пойти в кино, но она отказалась. 4. Арон решил, что я должен познакомиться с его девушкой в этот вечер. 5. Они все согласились, что что-то нужно сделать в отношении мальчика. 6. Отец хотел идти пешком, но мама настояла, чтобы мы поехали на машине. 7. В открытке он предлагал, чтобы они встретились в Национальной галерее. 8. Он настаивал, что я должен взять отпуск. 9. Она надеялась, что сможет убраться в кухне утром. 10. Я не понимал, почему он так сердится. 11. Как только мы сели, он потребовал, чтобы свечи убрали. 12. Чарльз посоветовал (порекомендовал), чтобы мы поели и потом пошли в театр. 13. Он попросил, чтобы мы не занимали этот вечер. 14. Он предпочитал, чтобы Кэт приглашала своих друзей в дом. 15. Я дал распоряжение Анне, чтобы она взялась за эту задачу.16. Я предложил, чтобы мы пообедали вместе. 17. Ее мать пригласила их остановиться у нее, но Анн настаивала, чтобы они пошли в гостиницу. 18. Он устроил, чтобы Эдвард поехал в Италию на год или два. 19. Доктор посоветовал, чтобы она поехала на юг осенью.

2. After the predicative adjectives (sorry, eager …), if the action is regarded as an imagined one.

Exercise 8. Explain the use of the verb forms in the following object clauses:

1. I’m sorry that you should have come here in vain. 2. I think he was determined that nothing interfere with his independence of spirit. 3. When he was told that she had gone to London, he was glad that she should look at the shops and perhaps visit a cinema. 4. Everyone was eager that the terms should be accepted. 5. Danny was determined that his plan be realized and his brother should leave the house. 6. He was determined that they should see everything. 7. She was vexed that they should decide everything instead of her. 8. Boris was sorry that Mary should visit such unpleasant people – the Browns. 9. Bonny was eager that they go to the seaside. 10. We were glad that we shouldn’t be punished.

Exercise 9. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. He was annoyed that they (to choose) the day of his departure for the party. 2. I’m glad that you (to drop) in. 3. He was a bit perplexed that we (to visit) him so late. 4. He was determined that his enemies (to pay). 5. I was a little surprised that such a little boy (to read) the life of Milton. 6. We were eager that we (to go) to the Zoo with our parents. 7. I’m sorry that he (to wait) there for such a long time. 8. He was vexed that we (to interfere) into his business. 9. Andy was astonished that his granny (to agree) to run that famous marathon. 10. Alexander was angry that he (to apologize) to that nasty boy.

Exercise 10. Paraphrase the following sentences using the words in brackets.

1. Sandra sent us her greetings. Isn’t it amazing? (to be surprised) 2. We want to reach some agreement here and now. (to be determined) 3. “You may not touch my things!” she cried. (to be vexed) 4. “Oh, you’ve bought this book for me!” she exclaimed. (to be pleased) 5. Bob said that they had invited him too. (to be glad) 6. “I’ll do that anyway!” he said. (to be determined) 7. “I’m going to the cinema,” exclaimed Tom. (to be eager) 8. “I don’t like porridge!” exclaimed the boy. (to be angry) 9. She can’t have done this! (to be astonished) 10. I’ve left your book at home! (to be sorry)

Exercise 11. Complete the following sentences.

1. The teachers were pleased … 2. The parents were determined... 3. He was vexed … 4. I am glad … 5. Tom is eager … 6. I am sorry … 7. They were pleased … 8. We are determined … 9. Everybody was eager … 10. My friends are glad …

Exercise 12. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Он недоволен, что я влюбился в его сестру. 2. Мне жаль, что вам приходится это терпеть. 3. Я рад, что вы так хорошо думаете о моем сыне. 4. Он огорчился, что его считают маленьким. 5. Он стремится, чтобы все узнали о его достижениях. 6. Мы очень удивлены, что вы пытаетесь задержать нашу работу. 7. Он польщён, что его портрет напечатают в газете. 8. Я огорчился, что они не хотят меня видеть завтра. 9. Они были поражены, как быстро он забыл всё, что они для него сделали. 10. Я рада, что вы поедете с нами на экскурсию. 11. Я сожалею, что испортил вам радость от встречи, но дело очень серьёзное и нам предстоит обсудить его прямо сейчас. 12. Он страстно желал, чтобы Марианна наконец обратила внимание на него.

3. In object clauses after:

a) phrases would rather, would sooner and had better

Exercise 13. Analyze the form of the verb in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. I’d rather you forgot me, Father. 2. “I’d much rather we didn’t discuss it,” said Norman. 3. Well, I’d better go and see if the dining-room has cooled off a bit. 4. You always watch TV without me and I’d rather you didn’t. 5. You’d better go there immediately. 6. I’d rather be a writer than a teacher. 7. If I could choose again, I would sooner have been a writer than a teacher. 8. I haven’t done anything yet. – I’d rather you had. 9. Are you going to the theatre? – No, I’d sooner not. 10. I’d rather he left. 11. I’d rather not watch TV now. 12. I’d rather she didn’t watch TV now. 13. You had best take this money. 14. I’d rather you be here. 15. I’d rather you have been here. 16. I’d rather you were here. 17. I’d rather you had been here. 18. I’d rather you not be here. 19. I’d rather you not have been here. 20. I’d rather you were not here. 21. I’d rather you hadn’t been here.

Exercise 14. Supply the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

1. I’d rather you (to be) present at the meeting. 2. I know they are enjoying themselves now, but I’d rather they (to be) here than abroad. 3. I don’t mind your borrowing my dictionary, but I’d sooner you (to ask) me first. 4. I’d rather (to live) in Minsk than in Gomel. 5. If I had lived in the 18^th century, I’d sooner (to be) a peasant than a noble. 6. You may be late for the meeting. I’d rather you (to take) a taxi. 7. He had to break the bad news to Lucy. I know he’d rather (not to have to) do it. 8. I wish my job were secure. I’d sooner (not to have to) worry about it. 9. I like my job. I’d rather (to make) my living as a writer than anything else. 10. They took a risk investing money with them. I’d rather they (not to do) it. 11. I won’t be home till late at night. I’d sooner you (not to come) today. 12. My career is nearly over, but I’d much rather (to be) in the navy than in the army. 13. Which would you sooner (to be)? A pilot or a passenger?

Exercise 15. Respond to the statements by giving advice or making a recommendation with a suitable form.

1. I’ve got a toothache. – You’d better go to the dentist. I’d rather you went to the dentist. 2. He is terribly overweight. 3. You are always late for work! 4. Our train leaves in five minutes. 5. Tom was involved in an accident with his car. 6. Someone has stolen my wallet! 7. The rain is coming through the roof. 8. Our tent was always getting blown down when we were on holiday. 9. Olga got terribly sunburnt two days ago. 10. We are spending our holidays in Greece next summer. 11. The sink is blocked! 12. There’s someone knocking at the door. 13. I overslept again this morning. 14. My passport expires next month. 15. There’s ice on the roads this morning. 16. Let’s face it. We are hopelessly lost! 17. We all got soaked in yesterday’s downpour. 18. Tom is always complaining about being underestimated. 19. We ran out of wine half way through the party. 20. I’ve been feeling rather off colour recently.

b) the verb wish

Exercise 16. Analyze the form of the verb in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. I wish it weren’t true. 2. I wish it were summer. 3. He wished he could run away. 4. Don’t you wish he were given a chance? 5. If he learns about it, you’ll wish you’d never been born! 6. It’s all guesswork. I wish you really knew something. 7. I almost wished I were back in my old house. 8. I wish I were working in an office instead of here. 9. I wish I had my child with me. It’s such a lovely place! 10. I wish you would stop that noise! 11. I wish he might have stayed here. 12. I wish everything had been done more efficiently. 13. I wish he wouldn’t be always boasting. 14. I wish it had happened to anyone but you. 15. I wish you wouldn’t jump to wild conclusions. 16. “I wish Paul could have stayed a few minutes,” I said. 17. He wished they would let him enjoy his dinner in peace. 18. Oh, how I wish it would rain! 19. I wish you wouldn’t be so horrid, Willy, just when I’m so miserable. 20. She almost wished she hadn’t asked them to dinner. 21. I wish I could drop the whole matter. 22. When we learned the truth we wished we had not. 23. I wish it would never end. I wish I could stay here forever just like this. 24. I wish you’d all go away, all of you, and leave me in peace. I wish I could go away too.

Exercise 17. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. I wish he (to be) here now. 2. I wish that you (to be) here yesterday. 3. We wish you (to come) tomorrow. 4. You will wish you (to leave) earlier. 5. They wished he (to come) with them the next day. 6. We wish you (to arrive) yesterday. 7. I wish that he (to visit) us next year. 8. She wishes that she (to be) at home now. 9. You wish that he (to help) you last week. 10. He will always wish he (to be) rich. 11. The boy wished that he (to win) the competition the next day. 12. She will wish she (to make) the arrangements earlier. 13. I wish the weather (to be) warmer now. 14. We always wished we (to be) fluent in other languages. 15. They wish he (to telephone) them next week. 16. We wished they (to call) us earlier. 17. She wishes she (to be) in Rome now. 18. I wish you (to come) with us tomorrow.

Exercise 18. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. “Are you happy with your job?” “I wish I (to be).” 2. I wish I (to know) him before. 3. I wish he never (to invite) here! 4. I’m afraid she is over-conscientious. I wish she (to pay) less attention to her work. 5. Tommy wishes he (can go) to the summer camp with the rest of the children. 6. I wish you (not to look) so unbearably surprised. You have known everything all along haven’t you? 7. “Do you regret you’ve said it?” “I don’t regret anything, no. I only wish I (toexpress) myself more clearly.” 8. “I’m sure he now wishes he (not to show) that picture.” “A little too late, isn’t it?” 9. “I’m not upset, I tell you. I only wish everybody (to stop) being so sympathetic.” 10. Jillian wished she (can allow) to see the patient, though no one had been. 11. I wish you (not to show) so much curiosity. It wasn’t proper. 12. I wish Bill (not to disappear) so quickly. I wanted to ask him something. 13. She almost wished he (to be) home again, wished they (not to part). 14. “Is there any other way?” “I wish there (to be).” 15. I wish you (to reckon) with the possibility of an inquest before you stole that money. 16. It was a bad day. Jonnie nearly wished he (not to refuse) Tom’s offer and now (to stay) at his place: he wouldn’t be so lonely there. 17. “I wish I (to have) a cigarette. That’s more important to me just now,” said Jack. 18. We wish to goodness the thing (can) be patched up. 19. I wish you (to go) up and (to see) Willy. 20. I now began to wish that I (not to take) Monty into my confidence.

*Exercise 19. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. I wished he (not to ask) that question. 2. “Have you got my letter?” “Yes. I wish you (not to write) it.” 3. She almost wished it (to be) an ordinary day and that there (to be) no such things as holidays. 4. I wish I (can) go round the world. 5. I wish you (to ask) her a question or two about her parents. 6. At the first sight of his host Andrew almost wished he (not to come). 7. Bill, you’re up to something. I wish I (to know) what it is. 8. Mel wished he (to know) earlier what Tom had just told him. 9. He wished that it all never (to happen) at all and that things (to be) as they once had been. 10. I wish I (can) settle down to something. 11. I wish I (to have) a jeep, that’s all. 12. I wish I (to be) quite sure that she is altogether honest. 13. I wish I (to have) a tie to match my suit. 14. I wish I (can) speak English better. 15. We wish weekends (to come) more often. 16. I wish I never (to meet) him. 17. I wish I (to spend) my money on something else instead of buying that bicycle. 18. I wish I (can help) you yesterday. 19. I wish they (to be) on time tomorrow. 20. He wished he (to know) about your arrival.

*Exercise 20. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. I don’t know how to address him. I wish I (to know) his name. 2. My wife says she wished I (to be) a thousand miles away. 3. At that moment she wished she (not to send) for him. 4. I wish I never (to see) you. 5. “How I wish I (to be) there with you” – I said with deep regret. 6. I wish he (to be) a bit stronger against Crawford. 7. I wish she (not to look) so pale. 8. I wish you (to show) more sign of not liking it in practice. 9. I wish I (can) play tennis as well as you do. 10. I’d rather we (to leave) now. 11. I’d rather we (to go) home now. 12. I wish she (to study) harder instead of watching TV all the time. 13. I’d rather she (not to wear) my dress last night. She’s ruined it. 14. She wished it (to be) already the end of the day and Caroline safely in bed and asleep. 15. What is it you are talking about? If it’s anything that has any sense in it I wish you (to say) it out plain, and if not, I wish you (not to say) it at all. 16. “Many bachelors wish they (to have) kind, understanding wives,” observed a writer. “So do many husbands.” 17. “I wish you (not to call) him the old man,” she said irritably. 18. “I wish I (to know) why people think it’s so important to be emotional,” Teddy said. 19. You did not get a proper education. I wish you (can go) to Oxford. 20. “I wish you (to jump) to wild conclusions, Toby,” suggested Tom. 21. I wish we (can get) going now. 22. I don’t mind doing the homework, only I just wish you all (to remember) not to track sand into the living-room.

*Exercise 21. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. I wish I (not to lose) the answers. 2. They wished they (not to forget) the appointment. 3. He will wish he (to show) us the book. 4. Will they wish we (to give) them some food? 5. We wish it (to snow) yesterday. 6. She wished she (not to open) the window. 7. I wished I (to hear) the news. 8. You wish you (to know) what to do. 9. They wished they (not to come). 10. I wish I (to be) ready on time. 11. Will she wish she (to ride) her bicycle? 12. He wished he (to be) able to do it. 13. I wish I (to agree) with you. 14. They will wish they (to have) time to come. 15. You wished you (to feel) better. 16. They will wish it (to be) warmer. 17. Does he wish he (to be) younger? 18. I wish I (to find) the subject more interesting. 19. I wish it (to be) possible to finish the work tonight. 20. Will he wish he (to be) ready? 21. She wished she (to know) how to sing. 22. We wish they (to want) to come with us.

Exercise 22. Complete the following sentences, using the indicated verbs in the Simple conjugation with would.

1. They wished she (to make) the arrangements. 2. He will wish you (to help) him. 3. She wishes the mail (to come). 4. We wished they (to hurry). 5. You will wish the door (to open). 6. They wish we (to wait) for them. 7. I wish you (to write) to me. 8. Will she wish you (to join) her? 9. They wished the sun (to shine). 10. Does she wish it (to snow)? 11. You will wish the bell (to ring). 12. I wish you (to come) more often. I hardly ever see you. 13. I wish they (not to be) very rude with you when you come there. 14. “I wish you (not to follow) me about and (to spy) on my movements,” she cried irritably.

Exercise 23. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the pattern.

Pattern:

a) I’d like your work to be more efficient.

I wish your work were more efficient.

b) I’m sorry (It’s a pity) you didn’t see the fireworks.

I wish you had seen the fireworks

c) I’d like you to stop teasing your sister!

I wish you would stop teasing your sister!

1. I’m sorry you can’t go with us. 2. I’d like this horrible day to be over. 3. I’m sorry you aren’t enjoying the film. 4. I’d like him to stop smoking. (But I have no real hope he will.) 5. It’s a pity we can’t be as business-like about it as you are. 6. I’m sorry you couldn’t come to the yesterday’s party. 7. It’s a pity I haven’t got a car. 8. It’s a pity Joan was asked to leave. 9. I’m sorry you didn’t pass the exam. 10. It’s a pity you haven’t been revising enough. 11. It’s a pity he doesn’t have a job like yours. 12. I’m sorry I can’t go to the disco tonight. I’ve got too much work to do. 13. I’d like them to make it up. (But I have no real hope they will.) 14. I’m sorry you had to wait. 15. It’s a pity you have been waiting so long. 16. I’m sorry you didn’t find that key. 17. It’s a pity you missed the exhibition. 18. It’s a pity you weren’t following his story. 19. I’d like him to realize the truth. (But I have no real hope he will.) 20. It’s a pity she is no longer in touch with modern life. 21. It’s a pity he knows nothing yet. 22. I’d like him to know nothing about this case. 23. It’s a pity my family aren’t here. 24. I’m sorry my family are here. 25. I’m sorry I took my children with me. 26. I’m sorry I didn’t take my children with me. 27. It’s a pity she isn’t adequately paid. 28. It’s a pity he is being so touchy today. 29. It’s a pity you haven’t bought that cottage. 30. It’s a pity you can’t adjust to the climate. 31. It’s a pity she is leaving so soon. 32. It’s a pity she has to leave so soon. 33. He is sorry to have taken this to heart.

Exercise 24. Paraphrase the following sentences:

1. It’s a pity you were absent yesterday. 2. I’d like him to be more polite. 3. They are sorry they didn’t invite her. 4. I regret now not having told her all the truth then. 5. What a pity you can’t swim. 6. I’m awfully sorry I kept you waiting so long. 7. It’s a pity I couldn’t go to the theatre with you. 8. I’m very sorry that I have disturbed you. 9. It’s a pity you are leaving so soon. 10. I’d like to see the film again. 11. Itwas a pity we could not see the stage well. 12. They were sorry they hadn’t taken a taxi and had missed their train. 13. He was sorry he couldn’t join us. 14. He was disappointed that he would not be able to see the film. 15. What a pity it rained last night.

Exercise 25. Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.

1. It’s a pity I can’t go to the cinema today, but I have to baby-sit.

could I wish... I could go to the... cinema today, but I have to baby-sit.

2. It’s a shame we didn’t go out for dinner.

gone I wish … for dinner.

3. I don’t have many friends here.

had I wish … here.

4. It’s a pity I can’t go out tonight but I have to work late.

could I wish … but I have to work late.

5. It’s a shame we didn’t go home for Christmas.

gone I wish … for Christmas.

6. If it weren’t raining, we could go for a walk.

stop I wish …; we could go for a walk.

7. It’s a pity that I wasn’t given the position.

been I wish … the position.

8. I’ve been offered a job in Spain, but I can’t speak Spanish.

speak I wish … because I’ve been offered a job in Spain.

9. If it weren’t snowing, we could go for a drive.

stop I wish …; we could go for a drive.

10. It’s a shame we missed the beginning of the film.

missed I wish … beginning of the film.

Exercise 26. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Жаль, что вы не прислушиваетесь к моим советам. 2. Жаль, что вы не последовали его совету. 3. Жаль, что вы последовали его совету. 4. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы вы, наконец, прислушались к моей просьбе. 5. К сожалению, его не пригласили на собеседование. 6. К сожалению, его уже пригласили на собеседование. 7. Напрасно вы поручили ему эту работу: ему с ней не справиться. 8. Напрасно вы не поручили ему эту работу, он бы отлично с ней справился. 9. Зря вы рассказали им обо всем. 10. Вы напрасно не рассказали им об этом. 11. Теперь я жалею, что отверг ваше предложение. 12. Теперь я жалею, что не принял ваше предложение. 13. Лучше бы ты оставил нас в покое! 14. Я бы хотел, чтобы вы прислушались к моим словам.

Exercise 27. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Как бы я хотел, чтобы твоя дочь была немножко похожа на тебя. 2. Я бы хотел, чтобы ты пришел к тому или иному решению. 3. Он очень желал, чтобы этот вечер уже кончился. 4. Я иногда жалею, что ты решил написать эту книгу, Том. 5. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы у нас был настоящий сад. 6. О боже, как я жалею, что я сделал это. 7. Я бы очень хотел, чтобы Влад изменил свое решение и не брался за немецкий язык. 8. Он просто не знал, как ему утешить свою жену. 9. Я бы хотел, чтобы ты снова начал писать стихи. 10. Я бы очень хотел, чтобы у большего числа людей у нас на работе было твое чувство юмора, Джеральд. 11. Она жалела, что ей не было слышно, что они говорили внизу. 12. Я бы хотела, чтобы он перестал мне писать. 13. Как жаль, что я не застал его дома. 14. Я пожалела, что рассказала им о себе. 15. Хотелось бы верить, что её рассказ соответствует действительности. 16. Жаль, что он плохо знает язык: во всем остальном он подходит для этой работы. 17. Жаль, что вы не понимаете, насколько это серьезно. 18. Гарри пожалел, что не взял с собой фотоаппарат: снимки получились бы великолепные.

*Exercise 28. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Жаль, что он равнодушен к спорту. 2. Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы он забил решающий гол. 3. Как жаль, что я не занимаюсь спортом с детства. 4. Как жаль, что игра закончилась в пользу противоположной команды. 5. Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы футбольная команда выиграла приз. 6. Как бы я хотел, чтобы он не тратил так много времени на шахматы. 7. Она жалела, что не пошла на соревнования по легкой атлетике. 8. Как жаль, что вы были так неосторожны. Этого бы не случилось, если бы вы послушали совета наших друзей. 9. Как жаль, что мы потратили так много времени напрасно. 10. Как жаль, что он такой болтливый. 11. Тому и Геку хотелось быть пиратами или, может быть, стать пиратами, когда они вырастут. 12. Настал такой день, когда Элиза пожалела о том, что она вообще встретила профессора Хиггинса. 13. Тетя Полли жалела о том, что она так часто наказывала Тома,— теперь, когда она думала, что Том умер. 14. Профессор Хиггинс хотел, чтобы Элиза поселилась у него в доме. 15. Тому хотелось бы сообщить тете Полли, что он не утонул. 16. Я бы предпочёл, чтобы ты не читал мне вслух эту ерунду. 17. Что же вы не вытерли свои грязные ботинки или не сняли их, прежде чем входить в комнату! 18. Мальчикам очень хотелось когда-нибудь найти клад. 19. Хорошо бы ты пошел с нами. 20. Жаль, что я тебя вчера не видела. Ты бы мне сказала, что задали на дом (домашнее задание). 21. Джордж хотел бы, чтобы вы передали ему привет.

4. After verbs expressing fear, apprehension, worry.

Exercise 29. Explain the use of SM in object clauses:

1. She was afraid that he had seen her. 2. He was afraid that he might be taken for a burglar. 3. He felt apprehensive of what might happen. 4. She is afraid that they may not meet her at the station. 5. I’m afraid the news has upset her awfully. 6. He seemed nervous lest he should set his son a bad example. 7. I passed the door quickly, fearful lest the nurse who sat up all night should hear me. 8. I said: “You know, doctor, I’m afraid I might tend to be a little inquisitive sometimes.” 9. She fears lest her husband should learn about her past. 10. She fears that her husband may learn about her past. 11. Liz trembled that her plans might be revealed. 12. We were terrified lest the rescue team should not be able to reach us. 13. He was so anxious that the boy should not go to Miami. 14. I fear we may have to wait a few moments. 15. He lived in constant fear that he should lose his health. 16. He feared lest all his efforts should be useless.

Exercise 30. Supply SM in object clauses after expressions of fear:

1. “It’s time you went to bed, dear.” “I’m afraid my husband (to call) me up from New York yet.” 2. I’m afraid we (to have) bad news for you. 3. She was afraid he (to leave) without seeing her. 4. When the plane touched down he began to have apprehension lest he (to miss) her in the crowd. 5. She was overcome with fear that I (to let) her down. 6. She was overcome with fear lest I (to let) her down. 7. I’m afraid you (not to have) a pleasant journey. 8. He feared lest his landlord (to betray) him to the Germans. 9. Paula, fearful that the opening door (to strike) the little girl, pulled her aside. 10. I had a feeling of terror lest he never (to be) able to play in public again. 11. They had made a date for the following Friday night and he feared lest she (not to come). 12. Rupert was anxious that there (to be) no appearance of coldness on Hilda’s part. 13. Mr. Macabre was very anxious that I (to stay) to dinner. 14. Eugene was anxious that we (to meet) at once. 15. She feared lest her desire for his invitation (to ignore).

Exercise 31. Paraphrase the sentences using the words in brackets.

1. I don’t want you to leave me ever again. (to fear) 2. I think we may be late. (to be afraid) 3. I don’t want to be sacked. (to dread) 4. They wanted me to get rid of my partners. (to be anxious) 5. She thought that they would go there without her. (to worry) 6. He refused to go into the cellar as he didn’t like spiders. (to be terrified) 7. I feel that everything will go wrong. (to be fearful) 8. The tower may fall down any moment. (to be in terror) 9. They may find us! (to tremble) 10. I wanted my words to sound more persuasive. (to fear) 11. We may run out of petrol right now! (to be troubled)

Exercise 32. Express your fear or apprehension of some future event.

1. You are out in the rain without your rain-coat. 2. You are not sure whether you will get tickets to the concert. 3. You are putting on weight. 4. You do not have enough time to pack your bag. 5. You are not sure whether you will be able to unlock the door. 6. You are not quite sure whether you will be able to recognize somebody you haven’t seen for years. 7. You have some shopping to do, but you are not quite sure whether you will be able to do it during your lunch break. 8. You are not quite sure whether you will pass your exam. 9. You are sure you won’t sleep well. You are too nervous.

Exercise 33. Complete the sentences:

1. The students feared... 2. The parents trembled... 3. The teachers were anxious... 4. We were afraid … 5. The children were terrified … 6. His sister worried … 7. The girl was fearful … 8. The police were troubled … 9. Everybody was anxious … 10. The passengers were in terror … 11. All the staff dreaded …

Exercise 34. Translate into English:

1. Я был встревожен, что он не позвонил мне. 2. Большинство опасалось, как бы положение не ухудшилось еще больше. 3. Он боялся, как бы конкуренты не получили доступ к секретной информации. 4. Когда дети возвращались домой поздно, мать опасалась, как бы с ними чего-нибудь не случилось. 5. Мы опасались, как бы эти слухи не помешали объективному рассмотрению дела. 6. Он боялся, вернусь ли я в Лондон через неделю. 7. Боюсь, как бы она не узнала моего лица. 8. Я боюсь, как бы он не вышел из себя. 9. Девочек охватил ужас, как бы учитель не догадался обо всём. 10. Они дрожали, что их могут забыть на острове. 11. Певец очень волновался, что на концерт придёт очень мало публики. 12. Он был обеспокоен, чтобы она не забыла дома билеты. 13. Боюсь, как бы он не забыл об этом. 14. Они волновались, как бы он не передумал.

5. After verbs and phrases expressing doubt.

Exercise 35. Explain the use of SM in object clauses after expressions of doubt:

1. I doubt if they reached the top by night-fall. 2. I doubt if they had reached the castle by yesterday. 3. They disbelieved if we had ever been to Greece. 4. Tom greeted with skepticism whether they were at home. 5. Everybody had doubts if Mary were the only one who could do it. 6. We doubted that Boris should marry Nina. 7. The children disbelieved that Morris should take them to the Zoo. 8. Mary had doubts if it were possible to swim across the river in such weather. 9. The girl doubted whether anybody were at home. 10. They greeted with skepticism that their team should win.

Exercise 36. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Я сомневаюсь, что они забыли о своём обещании. 2. Они не верили, что мы выполнили всю работу без чьей-либо помощи. 3. Мальчик сомневался, были ли каникулы или ему только приснилось, что он ездил на море. 4. Мы сомневались, видел ли Морис что-нибудь, или он всё придумал. 5. Учитель не верил, что Пётр учил уроки вчера. 6. Все сомневались, что этот аппарат полетит. 7. Мы с сомнением отнеслись к тому, что она обещала больше не опаздывать. 8. Я не верю, чтобы он тебя любил! Он обращается с тобой очень грубо. 9. Я сомневаюсь, чтобы они встретили нас, они опять скажут, что не получили телеграмму. 10. Мальчик сомневался, что ему хватит денег на билет до Минска.

6. In object clauses referring to the formal it + objective predicative.

Exercise 37. Analyze the form of the verb in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. I find it highly improbable that we should receive no answer at all: we will, but not the answer you hope for. 2. They feel it advisable that the general public be kept in the dark about the matter. 3. She found it unbelievable that Johnny shouldn’t have been admitted to the club. 4. I consider it probable that they should have been given a negative answer. 5. Don’t you find it strange that he should be checking all the papers himself? What’s wrong? 6. Didn’t you think it best that everything be settled quietly? 7. Marie considered it doubtful that her company should give her a pay rise. 8. I think it absolutely necessary that you should report directly to me and double check every point before you do that. 9. Don’t you find it impossible that he should have been worrying about it all the time? 10. We consider it totally unnecessary that he be bothered again. Why can’t you leave well alone?

Exercise 38. Use the infinitives in brackets in the correct form.

1. We found it absolutely necessary that everyone (to participate) in the discussion. 2. I think it doubtful that his yesterday’s lecture (to attend) by so many students: he is not what I would call a good teacher. 3. Didn’t you think it strange that he (to give) time off for good behaviour? 4. Do you think it doubtful that they (to threaten) by a blackmailer and had to pay him? 5. I feel it advisable that you (to practise) more. 6. I found it shocking that Jean (to bar) from the graduation ceremony, though I can’t approve of what she had done. 7. We consider it incredible that he (to write) yet another page-turner: everyone thought he had exhausted that theme. 8. I sat nailed to my seat, finding it unbelievable that no one (to notice) what was going on before their eyes. 9. Everyone found it surprising that she (to make) such efforts to educate herself. 10. Do you think it desirable that your children (to make) to wear uniform? 11. Don’t you find it surprising that a nine-year-old (to solve) a Rubik’s Cube so quickly?

Exercise 39. Paraphrase the following sentences according to the pattern.

Pattern: I consider it impossible for him to have gone there alone. I consider it impossible that he should have gone there alone.

1. They consider it of vital importance to receive correct data. 2. I felt it impossible for the book to have been published so soon. 3. She found it important to chair the meeting herself. 4. Terry finds it best to exclude Robert from sources of information. 5. Margaret thought it dangerous to switch of the power herself. 6. He thought it unnecessary to maintain the Department at its present size. 7. Don’t you find it ridiculous that they have been living here for more than a year and still don’t know anything or anyone? 8. I find it shocking to be treated like that! 9. Do you believe it true for her to have been taken ill so suddenly? 10. I find it advisable for her not to conduct the interview herself. 11. Didn’t they suppose it strange for the troops to have been withdrawn so suddenly? 12. Why do you find it obligatory for us to participate in this farce? 13. Don’t you think it wonderful for us to have been invited there? 14. I believe it dangerous for him to be going around asking questions.

Exercise 40. Complete the following sentences.

1. Do you find it essential...? 2. I find it curious... 3. Do people nowadays find it necessary...? 4. Students nowadays (don’t) consider it obligatory... 5. Everyone found it amusing... 6. Why do you feel it funny...? 7. Didn’t they find it important...? 8. I usually think it surprising... 9. I think it best... 10. The public think it better... 11. I consider it highly doubtful …

Exercise 41. Translate the following sentence from Russian into English.

1. Почему вы считаете важным, чтобы в книге была упомянута его фамилия? 2. Не кажется ли вам странным, что его уже несколько дней никто не видел? 3. То, что Тим с ним теперь не разговаривает кажется мне вполне естественным, а вам? 4. Я нахожу маловероятным, чтобы его мнение не было принято во внимание. 5. Почему то, что с ним там плохо обращались кажется вам невозможным? 6. Доктор полагает, что мне необходимо бросить курить. 7. Мне не кажется, что такое поведение нормально. 8. Он полагает, что для нас лучше всего было бы забыть об этом деле. 9. Вам не кажется странным, что за всё это время Фил ни разу не дал о себе знать? 10. Мне представляется невероятным, чтобы ему разрешили поехать туда одному.

Exercise 42. Revision: supply the necessary forms for the verbs given in brackets in the following subject and object clauses:

1. It was agreed that he (to start) on his new job on Monday. 2. I’m afraid I (not to make) my point clear. 3. I wish you (to have) a serious talk with Paula. 4. Then he asked if I (to be) a foreigner to these parts. 5. I suggested that she (to take) off her coat and (to move) towards the fire. 6. It was surprising that she (to make) friends with our boys. 7. It’s important that I myself (to speak) with your captain. 8. I feared lest I (not to get) back in time. 9. It outraged me that he (to remind) me of my duty. 10. She was disappointed that he (not to come) to the party. 11. Do you prefer that I (to stay) here as if nothing had happened? 12. I’m afraid they (to misunderstand) my intention. 13. It’s odd how little, if at all, our days (to vary) here. 14. I wish I never (to meet) you. 15. Tom seemed very worried, and insisted that we (to stop) playing and (to go) home. 16. I’m afraid I (not to sleep) well. 17. It was arranged that Mr. Dodd (to have) a room at the local pub. 18. It’s about time we (to hear) from him. 19. I was determined that Charles (not to do) anything more to upset his father. 20. It’s important that children (to teach) to know the right things from the very beginning. 21. He had given instructions that everything possible (to do). 22. I do wish it (to rain). 23. I was ashamed that he (to tell) lies. 24. I did wish I (to bring) my camera with me.

Exercise 43. Revision: supply the necessary forms for the verbs given in brackets in the following subject and object clauses:

1. I wish you (to think) of something else. 2. It surprised me that after such a journey he (to look) in first-class physical condition. 3. It’s funny that you (to think) so. 4. I wish her face (not to make) up so heavily. She’s not on the stage. 5. I thought that he (to change) very much. 6. It’s high time Bill (to be) back home. 7. I felt puzzled why he (to be) so troubled. 8. He turned sharply to see if I (to cry) or something. 9. I wish you (to be) serious, Clare. We haven’t much time before the train starts. 10. They recommended that I (to go) and (to see) him at once. 11. I wish you (to stop) laughing. 12. It’s not at all necessary that I (to explain) anything to you. 13. I was afraid that Father (to be) upset when I broke the news to him. 14. Of course it was quite possible that Mrs. Lee (to be) badly ill. 15. I wish you (not to catch) that dreadful cold. 16. He wanted to ask if Lamont (to be) left-handed. 17. It’s advisable that you (to talk) to the old man in a quiet relaxed tone. 18. I wished he (to come) to a decision. 19. It’s necessary that you (to find) a specialist who could deal with it. 20. The officer ordered that the bridge (to destroy) at dawn. 21. It’s surely advisable that you (not to quarrel) at a time like this. 22. He thought it (to be) quite proper that his children (to go) to a public school. 23. He was anxious that you (to know) the truth. 24. He decided that his son (to have) a proper education. 25. They demanded that the doctor (to tell) them what was the matter.

UNIT 3

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