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B) A condition implied by the preceding or following sentence or coordinated clause.
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Exercise 54. Point out in the following sentences the words that imply the unreal condition which makes the realization of the action impossible:
1. I don’t know what we’d do without you. 2. He’s been so quick. I wouldn’t have done half of it in this time. 3. Ten years ago, Maurice wouldn’t have spoken like this. 4. I would have joined you long ago, but they held me up typing some stupid letters. 5. I don’t want to quarrel, but I could say a lot. 6. I didn’t want to quarrel, or I could have said a lot. I could have been talking for hours. 7. I haven’t really signed the contract, you know. I wouldn’t do a thing like that without telling you. 8. He would have made friends anywhere. 9. Even for her I wouldn’t do it. 10. He was certain she wouldn’t have gone without leaving her address. 11. We often ran when walking would have done as well. 12. I would never have recognized him. He has changed a lot. 13. I didn’t want to interfere, but otherwise he would still be talking, so I had to. 14. She wished she were a poet. She would pour out her heart in a poem. 15. I should give you a lot of examples without any difficulty. 16. I would rather tell you the truth right away. It would make things easier. 17. And that’s exactly what he should have done. Poor George, he was always too tolerant! 18. “Would you be unbearably surprised to hear that the Harkins broke up?” “No, I wouldn’t.” 19. “Are you coming?” The question was not one which would accept any answer but yes. 20. This is not the sort of life anyone of us would have chosen. 21. One would think you were terribly anxious to get rid of me.
Exercise 55. Supply the necessary forms for the verbs given in brackets to express an unreal action depending on an implied unreal condition:
1. In the old days it (not to be) so simple to travel so far. 2. “Why didn’t you persuade your brother to go also?” she asked. “It (not to be) better for him?” 3. I never (to give) him a second thought but for what I knew about him. 4. He was feeling at ease and it (to be) pleasant to stay a little longer. 5. She was a competent girl, I thought; she (to make) an admirable nurse. 6. Ordinarily, Jack (to escape) from the party. 7. She knows I (to do) anything for her. 8. “But the door is locked.” “I expect we (can, open) it.” “Oh, I (not to do) that. Bill (to be) furious.” 9. I (can, produce) easily a translation but I felt for several reasons it (to be) wiser not to. 10. Tom was an ironical chap. He (not to bare) his soul to the press. 11. He says he (to die) without me. 12. I had to find a suitable house to live in. David was inefficient about such things, and (to live) anywhere. 13. He’s a man I (to hate) to think ill of me. 14. I think that the news (to worry) him too much. 15. Nothing but bad news (to bring) her on a night like this.
Exercise 56. Supply the necessary forms for the verbs in brackets so that the following sentences can have a very polite form:
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1. I (to think) they knew it by now. 2. “I (not to like) to go as far as that,” he replied. 3. You (to care) to sit down? 4. I (to say) he is a perfectly nice boy. 5. “Dick will be so glad to see you.” “I (to think) I was the last person Dick would wish to see.” 6. “You have a song. Sing it.” “No, I (can, not) in front of all these people.” “Why not? Come on, let’s get the guitar. You (can, think) it over on the way.” 7. I (to say) he is now powerless to disapprove anything. 8. I (to think) that natural. 9. “How long will it take you to finish it off?” “I (to say) about an hour.” 10. You (to say) it was impossible to talk him into it? 11. It’s no use asking me. I (can, not, tell) you anything. 12. I (to say) that he is no fool.
*Exercise 57. Supply the necessary forms for the verbs in brackets.
1. Keep it to yourself. I (not to have) it as a gift. 2. “He is not a type that (to do) anything lightly.” 3. “But for Jim we still (not to know) anything... anything at all.” 4. Sorry. She says it’s urgent, otherwise I (not to bother) you. 5. “Why didn’t you tell me anything?” “What difference it (to make)? You (cannot do) anything anyway.” “To begin with, I (to know) the truth. And then something (may do) about it. I (not to stand) in their way.” “You didn’t stand in their way.” 6. “Miss Peel, I think you ought to marry Mr. Stanton.... Then there (to be) three pairs of adoring husbands and wives.” 7. “I never heard such a lot of fuss about nothing.” “I (not to be) so sure about that.” 8. “Why didn’t you come forward at the inquest? You (can give) evidence.” “What good it (to do)?” 9. But for you we (to have) firsthand information. But you must come and spoil everything! 10. But for the actor who was playing the part of Prince Charming the play (to be) a complete failure. 11. This is certainly the picture of a man who (to act) first and (to think) afterwards. 12. But for the lack of evidence your version (to be) more believable. 13. But for his dismay he (to explain) everything right away. 14. The final scene you suggested for the play (to make) it a tragedy. The audience (not to want) to see a tragedy.
Exercise 58. Change the form of the verb so as to make the statements less categorical.
Example: It is interesting to read this article.
It would be interesting to read this article.
Интересно прочитать эту статью.
Было бы интересно прочитать эту статью.
1. You can get this book at any library. 2. It is pleasant to bathe in the river on such a hot summer day. 3. We shall be grateful to you for your assistance. 4. He will probably object to your suggestion. 5. Will you come with us? We shall be happy to have you with us. 6. I like to sit in the shade, if possible. 7. I wonder what you will do under such unfavourable circumstances. 8. I shall take music lessons with pleasure. 9. We can visit you next Sunday. 10. I shall tell them the whole story. This is the best way out. 11. I shall follow your advice, though it may be of no use.
Exercise 59. Turn the words implying an unreal condition into an if-clause, like in the example below: E.g. I s hould prefer you to put it in your own words. – I should prefer it if you put it in your own words.
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1. He did not answer her. She would not have heard him. 2. I’d ask you to have dinner with me, but unfortunately I have a previous engagement. 3. Why didn’t you tell me? It would have been only fair to give me a chance of judging for myself. 4. Jack would have left them, but he saw Maurice beckoning him to come over. 5. He knew his father was not among the audience. He would not have known what music to play for him. 6. You really should get a cat, Hilda. Think how happy it would be here! 7. “I wonder if Morgan has written to Peter.” “We’d have seen the letter.” 8. She would have liked to be an adventuress, but somehow she hadn’t managed it. 9. A few years ago, in a storm like this, an airport would have been closed completely. 10. I tried to explain that but for me the children might have been lost.
Exercise 60. Translate the sentences into English using various means of expressing unreal and problematic actions.
1. Думаю, я бы никогда не согласилась на это предложение. 2. Давайте подождем. Ведь он, может, еще придет. 3. Почему ты меня не спросил? Я уверен, что мог бы помочь. 4. Жалко, что мы не знали, что он в Москве. Мы были бы рады его видеть. 5. Я бы хотел к вам присоединиться, но, к сожалению, не могу. 6. Было бы неприятно огорчать ее в этот день. 7. Я не достала билета на премьеру. Иначе я бы, конечно, пришла. 8. Я не знала домашнего задания, а то я бы его сделала. 9. Если бы не помощь врача, больной до сих пор находился бы в критическом состоянии. 10. Пусть делает что хочет, мне все равно.
Exercise 61. Translate the sentences into English:
1. Я не винил его. Я бы сделал то же самое. 2. Это вещи, которые ребенку было бы трудно понять. 3. Я не думаю, чтобы Борис сделал это. 4. «Посмотри-ка на эту сцену, — сказала она. — Где еще в мире ты увидел бы что-нибудь подобное?» 5. Это не составило бы никакой разницы. 6. Видишь ли, мне было любопытно. — Мне бы тоже было любопытно. 7. Я не хочу идти туда. — Почему? Я бы ни за что не пропустил этот матч. Мы могли бы смотреть издалека. — Маме это не понравилось бы. 8. Я думаю, что было бы разумно подождать до вечера. 9. Я бы никогда не подумал, что ты так быстро научишься водить машину. 10. Он бы еще многое сказал, но он устал. 11. Невозможно, чтобы он солгал. 12. Это было бы огромным разочарованием.
*Exercise 62. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
1. Извините, я очень спешу, иначе мы поговорили бы ещё. 2. Было бы невежливо не ответить на его письмо. Он будет ждать ответа. 3. Было бы лучше сразу всё объяснить ей. Теперь уже поздно. 4. Почему вы думаете, что сделали бы все гораздо лучше? 5. Я знаю, что вы никогда не оказывались в подобной ситуации. Но вы поступили бы так же, верно? 6. Хорошо, что Роберт вас не послушал. Все могло бы обернуться гораздо хуже и для него, и для вас. 7. В вашей ситуации было бы лучше перевести детей в другую школу. 8. Представьте себе, что вам сделали подобный подарок. Как бы вы поступили? 9. Он все равно ничего бы не заметил. Не стоило так стараться. 10. Дэвид был рад, что ушел, не дождавшись Кэрри. Что бы он ей сказал? 11. Теперь они заново переживали те давно прошедшие дни. Все ли они тогда сделали верно? 12. «Что она делает?» «Плачет». «Зря». «Не думаю. Я бы тоже плакала». 13. Я приехал бы раньше, но не смог. 14. Мне пришлось всё рассказать Кэт. Она бы об этом узнала — от меня или от кого-нибудь другого. 15. Она еще много чего бы сделала, но очень устала.
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